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Speaker at Applied Microbiology 2022 - Bhanu Priya Ganesh
The University of Texas Health Science Centre Houston, United States
Title : The Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract:

Amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are associated with inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of gut in central amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathogenesis; still the mechanisms are not well understood. Dysregulation in gut pathophysiology due to imbalanced microbiota may be involved in promoting chronic inflammation. Using Tg2576 AD mice we tested the hypothesis that gut bears the Aβ burden prior to brain. We used presymptomatic 6-months old and symptomatic 15-months old Tg2576 compared to their age-matched littermate WT control mice. We study human AD patients gastrointestinal microbiome profiling. We identified that dysfunction of intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB), dysregulation of absorption, and vascular Aβ deposition in the IEB occur before central Aβ aggregation is detectible. The intestinal dysfunction observed before brain pathology was associated with elevated inflammatory and angiogenic plasma cytokines like IL-9, VEGF, and IP-10. When we measure human oral microbiota profiling we see a distinct separation of bacterial composition from AD patients compared to control subjects. Our novel data provide evidence that gut dysfunction in association with dysbiotic gut microbiota occurs in AD and may contribute to its etiology.
What will audience learn from your presentation?

  • Audience will learn that neurology diseases does not always originate from brain. Peripheral components plays a major role in central disease progression
  • Audience will understand the importance of a healthy microbiome and how much they can impact the health of an individual with age.

Biography:

Dr. Ganesh received her Ph.D. under the supervision of Dr. Michael Blaut from the German Institute of Human Nutrition-Potsdam Rehbruecke (DIfE), Leibniz institute, Germany from 2010 to 2014. Shortly thereafter, she relocated to Houston, TX for her post-doctoral training where she was trained by Dr. James Versalovic in the Department of Pathology and Immunology at Baylor College of Medicine from 2014 to 2017. She in-between held a visiting scientist position at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge from 2014-2016 where she was trained by Dr. James Fox. After post-doctoral training at Baylor, she joined the department of Neurology (BRAINS lab) led by Dr. Louise McCullough at University of Texas Health Science Center Houston (UTHSC) as a senior postdoctoral fellow, Texas, USA from 2017 to 2018. In 2018, she was promoted as an Assistant Professor in the department of Neurology. Currently, her primary interest lies on investigating signaling mechanisms involved in gut-brain axis interactions in aging-associated cerebrovascular diseases especially, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Neonatal Hypoxic encephalopathy at UTHSC.

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